Information is a difference that makes a difference.

— Gregory Bateson

Information is a distinction that makes a difference.

— Donald M. Mackay

Draw a distinction.

— G. Spencer-Brown

To Luciano Floridi, information can have one (or more?) of the following four properties:

• • As something
  • About something
  • In something
  • For something

To Charles S. Peirce, information is about semiosis, integrating the four aspects of:

• • Denotation
  • Connotation
  • Extension
  • Comprehension

 

Further Reading:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_information#Definitions_of_%22information%22

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_information

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic_of_information

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denotation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connotation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extension_(semantics)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehension_(logic)

Aaron Sloman on Bateson and Information:

https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/cogaff/misc/information-difference.html

https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk//research/projects/cogaff/misc/austen-info.html

https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk//research/projects/cogaff/sloman-inf-chap.html

Various links:

https://www.stephanie-burns.com/blog/2017/3/25/the-difference-that-makes-the-difference

https://www.edge.org/conversation/daniel_c_dennett-a-difference-that-makes-a-difference

Dynamics of Information as Natural Computation (2 links to same paper):

https://www.mdpi.com/2078-2489/2/3/460

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220121522_Dynamics_of_Information_as_Natural_Computation

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